AGRP (Human)

Canine Beta-Defensin CBD103

Normal Plasma Peptide/Protein Levels

Catalog #	003-53
Standard Size	100 µg
Sequence	Ser - Ser - Arg - Arg - Cys - Val - Arg - Leu - His - Glu - Ser - Cys - Leu - Gly - Gln - Gln - Val - Pro - Cys - Cys - Asp - Pro - Cys - Ala - Thr - Cys - Tyr - Cys - Arg - Phe - Phe - Asn - Ala - Phe - Cys - Tyr - Cys - Arg - Lys - Leu - Gly - Thr - Ala - Met - Asn - Pro - Cys - Ser - Arg - Thr - NH2 Disulfide Bridges: Cys1 - 4, Cys2 - 6. Cys3 - 9. Cys 5 - 10, Cys7 - 8
Species	Human
M.W	5676.66
Mass Spec Analysis	Exhibits correct M.W.
Solubility	Before reconstitution, please allow 25 to 45 minutes for the lyophilized peptide to return to room temperature. Briefly vortex the Eppendorf tube to concentrate all material at the bottom of the tube. Gently open the cap and reconstitute the peptide to the desired concentration by adding a sterile, aqueous solution to the tube. Invert the tube 5 times by hand to ensure a homogeneous solution.
Storage Condition	Store peptide in DRY form at 0-5°C.
Appearance	White powder
Content	The contents of this vial have been accurately determined to contain 100?g of NET peptide portions.
HPLC Analysis	Purity ≥ 95%
Additional articles	For best results and reproducibility, rehydrate peptide just before use. Do not attempt to weigh out smaller Do not refreeze any unused portions.

Please click here or click the reference tab on the top to see more articles that use this product.

Links to publications that use this peptide:

Li P et al. Melanocortin 3/4 Receptors in Paraventricular Nucleus Modulates Sympathetic Outflow and Blood Pressure
Experimental Physiology, Published online before print August 7, 2012.

Tracy et al. The melanocortin antagonist AgRP (83–132) increases appetitive responding for a fat, but not a carbohydrate, reinforcer
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2008 May;89(3):263-71.

Kim et al. Role of third intracellular loop of the melanocortin 4 receptor in the regulation of constitutive activity
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2008 Jan 18;365(3):439-45.

Brito et al. Differential activation of the sympathetic innervation of adipose tissues by melanocortin receptor stimulation
Endocrinology. 2007 Nov;148(11):5339-47.

Peter et al. Antibodies against the melanocortin-4 receptor act as inverse agonists in vitro and in vivo
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2007 Jun;292(6):R2151-8.

Lebrethon et al. Effects of In Vivo and In Vitro Administration of Ghrelin, Leptin and Neuropeptide Mediators on Pulsatile Gonadotrophin-Releasing Hormone Secretion from Male Rat Hypothalamus Before and After Puberty
J Neuroendocrinol. 2007 Mar;19(3):181-8.

Mohammad et al. Constitutive Traffic of Melanocortin-4 Receptor in Neuro2A Cells and Immortalized Hypothalamic Neurons
J Biol Chem. 2007 Feb 16;282(7):4963-74.

Kim et al. C-terminal part of AgRP stimulates insulin secretion through calcium release in pancreatic beta Rin5mf cells.
Neuropeptides. 2005 Aug;39(4):385-93.

Nickolls et al. Functional selectivity of melanocortin 4 receptor peptide and nonpeptide agonists: evidence for ligand-specific conformational states.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Jun;313(3):1281-8.

Navarro et al. Effects of melanocortin receptor activation and blockade on ethanol intake: a possible role for the melanocortin-4 receptor.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2005 Jun;29(6):949-57. 

Mirabella et al. Expression of agouti-related protein (AgRP) in the hypothalamus and adrenal gland of the duck ( Anas platyrhynchos).
Anat Embryol (Berl). 2004 Dec;209(2):137-41.

Valli-Jaakola et al. Identification and characterization of melanocortin-4 receptor gene mutations in morbidly obese finnish children and adults.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Feb;89(2):940-5.

Xiao et al. Agouti-Related Protein Stimulates the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis and Enhances the HPA Response to Interleukin-1 in the Primate
Endocrinology. 2003 May;144(5):1736-41. 

Wirth et al. Effect of Agouti-related protein on development of conditioned taste aversion and oxytocin neuronal activation.
Neuroreport. 2002 Jul 19;13(10):1355-8.

Goldstone et al. Hypothalamic NPY and agouti-related protein are increased in human illness but not in Prader-Willi syndrome and other obese subjects.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Feb;87(2):927-37.

Hagan et al. Immediate and Prolonged Patterns of Agouti-Related Peptide-(83–132)-Induced c-Fos Activation in Hypothalamic and Extrahypothalamic Sites.
Endocrinology. 2001 Mar;142(3):1050-6.

Nijenhuis et al. AgRP(83–132) Acts as an Inverse Agonist on the Human-Melanocortin-4 Receptor
Mol Endocrinol. 2001 Jan;15(1):164-71. 

Hagan et al. Long-term orexigenic effects of AgRP-(83---132) involve mechanisms other than melanocortin receptor blockade
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2000 Jul;279(1):R47-52.

Howard et al. Identification of receptors for neuromedin U and its role in feeding.
Nature. 2000 Jul 6;406(6791):70-4.

Quillan et al. A synthetic human Agouti-related protein-(83-132)-NH2 fragment is a potent inhibitor of melanocortin receptor function.
FEBS Lett. 1998 May 22;428(1-2):59-62.

For best results and reproducibility, rehydrate peptide just before use. Do not attempt to weigh out smaller Do not refreeze any unused portions.